Ñ,S cd;sl l,dlrefjl= jk ‘fcda¾Ê fi,dfrdka’ úiska n%iS,fha ßfhda ã cekhsfrda kqjr ish ksfji bÈßfha jQ .rdjegqKq ;rmamq fma<sh fuf,i úÑ;% is;=jñka irik ,oafoa th ‘n%iS, ck;djg ;udf.ka msßkefuk ;s<sKhla’ f,i mjiñkqhs' wo th ßfhda kqjr jk m%lgu wx.hls' fï i|yd wejeis jk uqo,a fi,dfrdka Wmhd .kakd ,oafoa ;udf.a Ñ;% wf,ú lsÍfuks'
fyd,a iafghsk¾ ;rmamq fma<sh
c¾uksfha jqI¾g,akqjr msysá fyd,aiafghsk¾ ;rmamq fma<sh Ñ;% Ys,amS fyda¾iaÜ .a,eial¾f.a ks¾udKhls' ;rmamq tlish fod<yla úúO j¾Khkaf.ka j¾K .ekajQ Tyq tys jk we;eï ;rmamqj, c¾udkq NdIdfjka úúO jpk igyka lf<ah' NS;sh" wdorh" wNsfpdaokh" úYajdih" wfmalaIdx.;ajh" n,dfmdfrd;a;=j" m<s.ekSu jeks fuys tk jpk ish,a,u udkj in|;d yd iïnkaO jQ tajd ùu úfYaI;ajhls'
isfhda,a Tfmard mäfm<
ol=Kq fldßhdfõ iïm%odhsl yekafndla we÷ulska ieriqKq fuu iqkaor hqj;shf.a is;=ju oel .; yelafla isfhda,a kqjr l,d uOHia:dkh bÈßmsgh' foaYSh Tfmard jl pß;hla ñka ksrEmKh fõ'
*s,fv,a*shd fl!;=ld.dr mäfm<
wefußldfõ *s,fv,a*shd kqjr fl!;=ld.drh bÈßmsg jQ ;rmamq fma<sfha iqm%lg Ñ;% Ys,amS ‘ie,ajfoda¾ vd,s‘ f.a is;a;ï flÍ we;af;a wêh:d¾:jd§ l,djg Tyqf.ka isÿ flrekq fiajh we.ehSula f,ih'
16 jk mgquf.a ;rmamq fma<sh
wefußldfõ ieka*%ekaisiaflda kqjr msysá 16 jk mgquf.a ;rmamq fma<sh f,i ye¢kafjk fuh ‘f.da,avka f.aÜ yhsÜia fkan¾yqâ ixúOdkh’ yd l,dlrejkaf.a tl;=fjka ks¾udKh lrkq ,enQjls'
uqj.g iskd f.fkk ;rmamq fma<sh
f,nkkfha bia;dkanq,a kqjr oel.; yels foaÿkq j¾Khkaf.ka hq;= fuu ;rmamq fma<sh úY%dñl bxðfkarefjl= jk ‘yqfiaka fikaák,a’ úiska j¾K .kajk ,oafoa ñksiqkaf.a uqj.g iskdjla f.k tafï wNsm%dfhka nj lshefõ'
iekagd ußhd fv,a fudkafÜ ;rmamq fma<sh
isis,sfha bmerKs k.rhla jk le,ag.sfrdaka ys msysá iekagd ußhd fv,a fudkafÜ ;rmamq fma<sh l%s'j' 1608 § bÈ lrk ,oaols' tys ;rmamq tlish y;<siafol w,xldrj iE§u i|yd ms.ka .fvd,a muKla fkdj miqlf,l§ u,a yd bámkaoï o fhdodf.k ;sìu ksid fuu ;rmamq fma<sfha iqúfYaIS núka by<h'
