ysgmq ckm;s iy j;auka ckm;s jeomqod .;a fudllao fï bkaÈhdfõ ;srem;s fldaú,

;srem;s fldaú, lshkafka bkaÈhdfõ msysgd ;sfnk f,dal m%isoaO" ft;sydisl jákdlula we;s yskaÿ isoaOia:dkhla' fuys fndfyda ydialï we;s ia:dkhla f,i yskaÿ ue;su;=ka úYajdi lrkjd' fï .ek wm fndfyda ld,hl isg hï hï lreKq oek isáh;a miq.sh ckdêm;sjrKh iufha jeä fofkla fï .ek l;d lrkak mgka .;a;d'

ta ysgmq ckdêm;s uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d ish ckdêm;sjrKfhka ch.%yKh lrkq jia mQcd mj;ajd ndrydrùug kdu fhdackd ÿka iekska fuu fldaú,g f.dia ;snQ ksihs' Tyq tys mQcdjkag iyNd.s ù isák wdldrh ms<sn|j úúO PdhdrEm wka;¾cd,fha m<ù ;snqKd' ckdêm;sjrKh ksuùu;a" iu. uyskao rdcmlaI uy;d mrdch ùu;a iu. fï ms<sno WKqiqu .s,sys,d .shd'


kuq;a kj ckdêm;s ffu;%Smd, isßfiak uy;df.a bka§h ixpdrh w;r;=f¾ ;srem;s jkaokdfõ hk neõ m%jD;a;sj,ska mejeiqKq ksid kej;;a ta ms<sn| Wkkaÿjla we;s ù ;sfnk njla fmfkkjd'

we;a;gu fudllao fï ;srem;s fldaú, @ fuh ;srem;s hkqfjka yeÈkajqj;a kshu ku jkafka ;sreud, Y%S fjkalf;aIajr fldaú, hkakhs' th bkaÈhdfõ wdkao%d m%foaYays" ÑÜgQ¾ Èia;%slalfha ;srem;s kï lÿlr k.rh wdikakfha msysgd ;sfnkjd' ;srem;s k.rhg wdikakj we;s ksid th jeä fofkla yÿkajkafka ;srem;s fldaú, kñka'

;sreud, lkao uqyqÿ uÜgfï isg óg¾ 853l Wkak;dxYhlska msysgd ;sfnkjd' tu m%foaYh j¾. lsf,daóg¾ 27lska muK hqla;hs' fuu lkao uqÿka y;lska iukaú;hs' yskaÿ úYajdihg wkqj th ishÆ i¾mhkag wêm;s rcq jk w§If.a ysia y; hehs mejfikjd' fuu uqÿka y; fiaido%s" kS,do%s" .revdo%s" wkacdkdo%s" jDINdo%s" kdrdhkdo%s iy fjkal;do%s hkqfjka y÷kajkq ,nkjd' l%s'j' 300 § muK bÈlf<a hehs ie,flk fuu fldaú, msysgd ;sfnkafka fï w;ßka fjkal;do%s fyj;a fjkal;a lkafoa uqÿk u;hs' fuu fldaú,g wê.Dys; yskaÿ foúhd jkafka fjkalf;aIjrhs'

Tyq úIaKq foúhkaf.a tla fõIhla hehs úYajdi flfrkjd' n,dð" f.dúkao yd Y%Sksjdi hk kïj,ska o fjkalf;aIajr yÿkajkq ,nkjd' fuu fldaú, fl<jr jkafka mQckSh ú,la jQ Y%S iajdñ mqIal¾ks ys tla bjqrlska' ol=Kq bka§h .Dyks¾udK Ys,amhg wkqj bÈfldg we;s fuys olakg we;s wlaIr ish,a, we;af;a fou< niska';srem;s fldaú‍f,a mj;skafka hehs mejefik ydialïj,g wu;rj fuh f,dj mqrd m%isoaêhg m;aj we;af;a f,dalfha we;s Okj;au fldaú, yeáhghs'

f,dalfha jeä fofkla ixpdrh l< ia:dkhla jk ksid fuhg wêl f,i úúO m%odkhka ,efnkjd' fuh lrd Èklg jkaokd lKavdhï jYfhka 50"000 - 100"000 olajd meñfKkjd' jd¾Islj meñfKk jkaokdlrejkaf.a ixLHdj ñ,shk 30-40 muK jk njhs mejefikafka' jd¾Islj meje;afjk n%yafuda;aijï mQcd  W;aij iuhkays§ fuhg Èklg meñfKk jkaokd lKavdhï ixLHdj ,laI myla olajd by< hk nj jd¾;d fjkjd' fï ksid fudjqkaf.ka mQcd msKsi ,efnk uqo,a" fjk;a jákd NdKav ksid f,dj we;s Okj;au isoaêia:dkh fuh njg m;aùfï mqÿuhla keye'

fuu foajia:dkh ms<sno m%jdo lsysmhlau mj;skjd' thska tla úYajdihlg wkqj fuys mj;sk fjkalf;aIajr ms<suh yskaÿ úYajdihg wkqj mD:súh ìysjqKq l,shq.h uq¿,a‍f,au fuys meje;S ;sfnkjd'f,dj mqrd me;sr mj;sk úYajdihkag wkqj fï foajd,hg ndrydr ùfuka ishÆ n,d‍fmdfrd;a;= bgqjk njhs mejefikafka' wm rfÜ ysgmq rdcH kdhlhd kej; ckm;sùfï me;=u ksielju bgqfõ hehs n,d‍fmdfrd;a;=fjka fuhg ndrydr ù mqo mQcd mj;ajkakg we;af;a o ta ksid úh hq;=hs' kuq;a fujr tjekakla kï isÿjQfha keye'

ydialïj,g wu;rj fuh ms<sno ;j;a tla rij;a l;djla o mj;skjd' th ;srem;s m%foaYfha ljqre;a okakd fohla' fï l;dj Wre,Ejkag iïnkaOhs'
fuu foajd,hg iïnkaOj we;s 12 jeks ishjig wh;a ‍f,aLkj,;a fuu i;d .ek i|ykaj ;sfnkjd' Wre,Ejd lshkafka wêl ÿ¾.kaOhla we;s if;la jqj;a" fuhska yuqjk ft;sydisl ‍f,aLkj,g wkqj Wf.ka ,nd.;a Y%djhlska ms<sfh< lr.;a f;,a j¾.hla ñY% l< c,fhka tl, isá rcjre iakdkh lrkakg mqreÿj isá nj mejefikjd' fuu f;,a j¾.h yÿkajkq ,nkafka mqkq.= kñka' rcjre fufia iakdkh lrkafka iqjoj;aj isàug njhs mejefikafka' fuu f;,a 14 jeks ishji muK jk úg b;d ñ, wêl iqjo ú,jqka j¾.hla njg m;aj ;snqKd' uE; b;sydifha§ fuu f;,a j¾.h Ndú; lf<a tys iEu isl=rdod Èklu meje;afjk fjkalf;aIajr mQcfõ§ tu foú÷kaf.a ms<sufha wd‍f,am lsÍu i|ydhs' kuq;a Wre,Ejd joùf.k hk i;ajfhla f,i ,ehsia;= .;lsÍfï m%;sM,hla f,i fuu pdß;%hg ndOd meñkqKd'

;srem;s fldaú, yhso%dndoa isg lsf,da óg¾ 579la" fpkakdhs isg lsf,daóg¾ 86la iy nex.f,da¾j, isg lsf,daóg¾ 181la ÿßka msysgd ;sfnkjd'wfma rfÜ isg fndfyda fofkla bkaÈhdjg .uka lsÍfï§ f;dard.kafka fpkakdhs .=jka f;dgqm< ksid;a" t;eka isg lsf,daóg¾ wiQyhla ;rï wvq ÿrl fuh msysgd ;sìu;a ksid;a fuh krUd jeÿï msÿï lrf.k tkakg b;du myiqhs' ;srem;s fldaú, ksidu tys cd;Hka;r uÜgfï .=jka f;dgq‍fmd<la o msysgqjd ;sfnkjd'

th msysgd we;af;a ;srem;s k.rfha isg lsf,daóg¾ ody;rla ÿßka" Tn ieye,aÆ nvq ndysrdÈh /f.k hkjd kï muKla fpkakdhs .=jka f;dgqm< yryd ;srem;s lrd b;d flá fõ,djlska <.djkak mq¿jka' nvqndysrdÈh jeämqr wrka hkjd kï Tn hdhq;= jkafka yhso%dndoa .=jkaf;dgqm<ghs'tfukau fpkakhs isg ;srem;s olajd ÿïßfhka fukau uyd ud¾.h Tiafia o .uka l< yelshs' fpkakdhs isg meh ;=klska muK <.d úh yels jqK;a yhso%dndoa yryd hkjd kï meh 10-12 l muK .; úh yelshs'

óg wu;rj ;srem;s lrd jkaokd .uka ixúOdkh lrk úúO wdh;k fndfyda .Kkla fpkakdhs we;=¿j by; lS wfkla m%Odk k.r fofla mj;skjd'tajdfhka o m%fhdack .; yelshs' kuq;a fpkakdhs isg .=jkska .uka lsÍu ioyd lsisÿ ud¾f.damfoaYlhl= wjYH ke;s njhs lsj hq;af;a';srem;s k.rh lrd .uka lrk ne;su;=kag iy úfoaYSh ixpdrlhskag kjd;eka iemhSu i|yd úúO uÜgfuka ia:dk fndfyduhla mj;skjd' fuu fldaú, Ndrldr uKav,h u.ska bÈl< kjd;eka b;du;a wvq ñ,g ,nd.kakg mq¿jka' idudkH myiqlï imhk l=vd m%udKfha kjd;eka wfma rfÜ uqo,ska kï remsh,a 250-550 ;a w;r ñ,lg ,nd.kakg mq¿jka' jdhqiólrKh l< l=vd kjd;eka ldurhla wfma rfÜ uqo,ska remsh,a 1280-1600 w;r ñ,lg ,nd.kakg mq¿jka' fï i|yka lf<a tla Èklg ñ, .Kka' óg wu;rj ;re mka;sfha fydag,a o mj;skjd' f*da¾pQka isf,laÜ .%Ekaâ ßÊ" wd¾'wd¾' yjqia" f*da¾pQka  flkaiia fydfg,a wdÈh fï w;r mj;sk w;r tla rd;%shla i|yd tajdfha ñ, .Kka wfma rfÜ uqo,ska remsh,a 2000-6000 w;r mj;skjd'

Tn ;srem;s lrd .uka lrkafka kï óg wu;rj oek.; hq;= lreKq lsysmhlau ;sfnkjd' ta tu m%foaYfha§ Tn yeisßh hq;= wkaouhs'
fuh ,laI .Kka jkaokdlrejka meñfKk ia:dkhla nj uq,skau u;lfha ;nd .; hq;=hs' isoaOia:dkhg .e<fmk weÿï we¢h hq;=hs' u;ameka mdkh fkdl< hq;= w;r uia muKla fkdj ud¿ yd ì;a;r fuu m%foaYfha§ mßfNdackfhka je<lsh hq;=hs' fl< .eiSu fyda wkHhkag lror jk f,i yeisÍu ksid Tn tys fkdisáh hq;= wfhla njg n,OdÍkag fmkS hkakg mq¿jka' fldaú, ;=<g we;=¿ùfï§ cx.u ÿrl:k yd leurd /f.k hdu imqrd ;ykï' ldka;djka idïm%odhsl bka§h idßhlska ießish hq;=hs' tfia fkdue;s kï f., jefik fia iqÿ froaola T;d .; hq;=hs' fïjd fldaú,g we;=¿jk ia:dkfhka wfma rfÜ uqo,ska kï remsh,a 180lg muK ,nd.kakg mq¿jka'
fuu m%foaYfha iajdNdúl c,h lsjq,a iajNdjfhka hqla; neúka fnda;,a l< c,h mdkh lsÍu jvd;a iqÿiqhs' wjidk jYfhka lsj hq;af;a Tnf.a wd.ñl úYajdih l=ula jqj;a Tn ixpdrfha fhfok wd.ñl ia:dkfha iïm%odhhkag .relrkakg u;l ,nd .; hq;= njhs'

ksrxcka pdñkao lreKd;s,l